While our glossary page provides a comprehensive list of
boating terms, we’ve also compiled this short list of 10 beginner sailing terms
that everyone should know. If you’re just learning how to sail, these handy
terms can provide a helpful overview of sailing basics you need to become
familiar with.
1. Aft - The back of a ship. If something is located aft, it
is at the back of the sailboat. The aft is also known as the stern.
2. Bow - The front of the ship is called the bow. Knowing
the location of the bow is important for defining two of the other most common
sailing terms: port (left of the bow) and starboard (right of the bow).
3. Port - Port is always the left-hand side of the boat when
you are facing the bow. Because “right” and “left” can become confusing sailing
terms when used out in the open waters, port is used to define the left-hand
side of the boat as it relates to the bow, or front.
4. Starboard - Starboard is always the right-hand side of
the boat when you are facing the bow. Because “right” and “left” can become
confusing sailing terms when used out in the open waters, starboard is used to
define the right-hand side of the boat as it relates to the bow, or front.
5. Leeward - Also known as lee, leeward is the direction
opposite to the way the wind is currently blowing (windward).
6. Windward - The direction in which the wind is currently
blowing. Windward is the opposite of leeward (the opposite direction of the
wind). Sailboats tend to move with the wind, making the windward direction an
important sailing term to know.
7. Boom - The boom is the horizontal pole which extends from
the bottom of the mast. Adjusting the boom towards the direction of the wind is
how the sailboat is able to harness wind power in order to move forward or
backwards.
8. Rudder - Located beneath the boat, the rudder is a flat
piece of wood, fiberglass, or metal that is used to steer the ship. Larger
sailboats control the rudder via a wheel, while smaller sailboats will have a
steering mechanism directly aft.
9. Tacking - The opposite of jibing, this basic sailing
maneuver refers to turning the bow of the boat through the wind so that the
wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat
will always shift from one side to the other when performing a tack or a jibe.
10. Jibing - The opposite of tacking, this basic sailing
maneuver refers to turning the stern of the boat through the wind so that the
wind changes from one side of the boat to the other side. The boom of a boat
will always shift from one side to the other when performing a tack or a jibe.
Jibing is a less common technique than tacking, since it involves turning a
boat directly into the wind.